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Realism
Realism is commonly defined as a concern for fact or reality and rejection of the impractical and visionary. However, the term realism is used, with varying meanings, in several of the liberal arts; particularly painting, literature, and philosophy. It is also used in international relations.
In the visual arts and literature, realism is a mid-19th century movement, which started in France. The realists sought to render everyday characters, situations, dilemmas, and events; all in an "accurate" (or realistic) manner. Realism began as a reaction to romanticism, in which subjects were treated idealistically. Realists tended to discard theatrical drama and classical forms of art to depict commonplace or 'realistic' themes.
American Realism is an artistic movement in the USA that was active in literature, photography, and painting from 1880 to 1940. One of it's main representatives is Edward Hopper.
Realist Artists:
George Bellows (1882 - 1925) - Social Realism
Rosa Bonheur (1822 - 1899)
Jean-Baptiste-Camille Corot (1796 - 1875)
Gustave Courbet (1819 - 1877)
Honoré Daumier (1808 - 1879)
Edgar Degas (1834 - 1917)
Thomas Eakins (1844 - 1916)
Henri Fantin-Latour (1836 - 1904)
Pavel Fedotov (1815 - 1852)
Edward Hopper (1882 - 1967)
Ivan Kramskoy (1837 - 1887)
Edouard Manet (1832 - 1883)
Vasily Polenov (1844 - 1927)
Ilya Repin (1844 - 1930)
Diego Rivera (1886 - 1957) - Social Realism
Grigoriy Soroka (1823 - 1864)
Pavel Tchistyakov (1823 - 1919)
Eugène Verboeckhoven (1798 - 1881)
Frederick Walker (1840 - 1875) - Social Realism
Andrew Wyeth (born 1917)
Anders Zorn (1860 - 1920)
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